Rulings of Udhiyah ( Sacrifice or Qurbani in urdu)
Part one of this article explained the importance and history of the Udhiyah. If you have not read part 1 please read that before reading this part
Importance and history of the Udhiyah (qurbani or sacrifice)
Udhiyyah is a confirmed Sunnah according to the majority of scholars (some scholars say that it is waajib or obligatory; this will be discussed in more detail below). The basic principle is that it is required at the appointed time from one who is alive on behalf of himself and the members of his household, and he may include in the reward for it whoever he wishes, living or dead. With regard to udhiyah on behalf of one who is dead, if the deceased bequeathed up to one third of his wealth for that purpose, or included it in his waqf (endowment), then these wishes must be carried out, otherwise, if a person wishes to offer a sacrifice on behalf of someone who has died, this is a good deed and is considered to be giving charity on behalf of the dead. But the Sunnah is for a man to include the members of his household, living and deed, in his udhiyah, and when he slaughters it, he should say, “Allaahumma haadha ‘anni wa ‘an aali bayti (O Allaah, this is on behalf of myself and the members of my household” – he does not have to make a separate sacrifice on behalf of every deceased person.
The scholars agreed that sacrificing the animal and giving its meat in charity is better than giving its value in charity, because the Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) used to make the sacrifice, and he did not do anything but that which is best and most befitting. This is the opinion of Abu Haneefah, al-Shaafa'i and Ahmad.
What Is not allowed for a person who is offering the sacrifice?
What Kind of Animals can be sacrificed?
The Kind of animals prescribed for the sacrificed are camels, cattle and sheep.
The virtues of udhiyah and the best of udhiyah
A sheep is good enough as a sacrifice for one man and the members of his household and his children, because of the hadeeth of Abu Ayyoob: “At the time of the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), a man would sacrifice a sheep on behalf of himself and the members of his household, and they would eat from it and give some to others.” (Reported by Ibn Maajah and al-Tirmidhi, who classed it as saheeh)
A camel or cow is enough for seven people, because of the report narrated by Jaabir (may Allaah be pleased with him) who said: “We sacrificed at al-Hudaybiyah with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), a camel for seven and a cow for seven.” According to one version: “The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) commanded us to share camels and cattle, each seven men sharing one animal.” According to another version: “So a cow would be sacrificed on behalf of seven men and we would share it.” (Reported by Muslim)
Ruling of udhiyah:
Udhiyah is one of the rituals of Islam. It is mentioned in Jawaahir al-Ikleel Sharh Mukhtasar Khaleel that if the people of a city or country neglect udhiyah, they should be fought, because it is one of the rituals of Islam. (Rasaa’il Fiqhiyyah by Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, p. 46). There are two scholarly opinions on udhiyah:
that it is waajib (obligatory). This is the opinion of al-Oozaa’i, al-Layth and Abu Haneefah, and it is one of the two opinions narrated from Imaam Ahmad. It was also the opinion of Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah, and is one of the two opinions in the madhhab of Maalik, or is what seems to be the madhhab of Maalik. Those who favour this opinion take the following as evidence:
The aayah: “Therefore turn in prayer to your Lord anf sacrifice (to Him only).” [al-Kawthar 108:2]. This is a command, and a command implies that something is obligatory.
The hadeeth of Jundub (may Allaah be pleased with him), reported in al-Saheehayn and elsewhere, who said: “The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: ‘Whoever slaughtered his sacrifice before he prays, let him slaughter another one in its place, and whoever did not slaughter a sacrifice, let him do so in the name of Allaah.’” (Reported by Muslim, 3621)
The hadeeth: “Whoever can afford to offer a sacrifice but does not do so, let him not approach our place or prayer.” (Reported by Ahmad and Ibn Maajah; classed as saheeh by al-Haakim from the hadeeth of Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased with him). It says in Fath al-Baari that its men are thiqaat).
(B) that it is a confirmed Sunnah (sunnah mu’akkadah). This is the opinion of the majority, and it is the madhhab of al-Shaafa'i and the better-known opinion of Maalik and Ahmad. But most of those who favour this opinion stated that it is makrooh (disliked) for the one who is able to offer a sacrifice to neglect to do so. They base their opinion on the following:
Jaabir said: “I prayed on Eid al-Adhaa with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and when he finished (the prayer), he was brought two rams, and he sacrificed them. He said, ‘In the Name of Allaah, Allaah is Most Great. This is on behalf of myself and any member of my ummah who did not offer a sacrifice.” (Sunan Abi Dawood bi Sharh Muhammad Shams al-Haq Abaadi, 7/486)
Conditions of udhiyah
The animal should have reached the required age, which is six months for a lamb, one year for a goat, two years for a cow and five years for a camel.
It should be free of any faults, because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “There are four that will not do for sacrifice: a one-eyed animal whose defect is obvious, a sick animal whose sickness is obvious, a lame animal whose limp is obvious and an emaciated animal that has no marrow in its bones .” (Saheeh, Saheeh al-Jaami’, no. 886). There are milder defects that do not disqualify an animal, but it is makrooh to sacrifice such animals, such as an animal with a horn or ear missing, or an animal with slits in its ears, etc. Udhiyah is an act of worship to Allaah, and Allaah is Good and accepts only that which is good. Whoever honours the rites of Allaah, this has to do with the piety (taqwa) of the heart.
It is forbidden to sell it. If an animal has been selected for sacrifice,
it is not permissible to sell it or give it away, except in exchange for
one that is better. If an animal gives birth, its offspring should be
sacrificed along with it. It is also permissible to ride it if necessary.
The evidence for this is the report narrated by al-Bukhaari and Muslim
from Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased with him), who said that the
Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) saw a man
leading his camel and told him, “Ride it.” He said, “It is for
sacrifice.” He said, “Ride it” a second or third time.
It should be sacrificed at the specified time, which is from after the
prayer and khutbah of Eid – not from when the time for the prayer and
khutbah starts – until before sunset on the last of the days of Tashreeq,
which is the 13th day of Dhu’l-Hijjah. The Prophet (peace and blessings
of Allaah be upon him) said: “Whoever sacrifices before the prayer, let
him repeat it.” (Reported by al-Bukhaari and Muslim). ‘Ali (may Allaah be
pleased with him) said: “The days of Nahr (Sacrifice) are the day of
al-Adhaa and the three days following it.” This is also the opinion of
al-Hasan al-Basri, ‘Ata’ ibn Abi Rabaah, al-Oozaa’i, al-Shaafa'i and Ibn
al-Mundhir, may Allaah have mercy on them all.
What should be done with the sacrifice?
It is mustahabb (liked, preferable) for the one who has made a sacrifice
to not eat anything on that day before he eats from it, if this is
possible, because of the hadeeth, “Let every man eat from his sacrifice.”
(Classed as saheeh in Saheeh al-Jaami’, 5349). This eating should be
after the Eid prayer and khutbah. This is the opinion of the scholars,
including ‘Ali, Ibn ‘Abbaas, Maalik, al-Shaafa'i and others. The evidence
for this is the hadeeth of Buraydah (may Allaah be pleased with him):
“The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) would not go out
on the day of Fitr until he had eaten, and he would not eat on the day of
Adhaa until he had slaughtered (his sacrifice).” (Al-Albaani said: its
isnaad is saheeh. Al-Mishkaat, 1/452).
It is better for a person to slaughter the sacrifice himself, but if he
does not, it is mustahabb for him to be present when it is slaughtered.
It is mustahaab to divide the meat into three: one third to be eaten, one
third to be given as gifts and one third to be given in charity. This was
the opinion of Ibn Mas’ood and Ibn ‘Umar (may Allaah be pleased with
them). The scholars agreed that it is not permissible to sell anything
from its meat, fat or skin. In a saheeh hadeeth, the Prophet (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Whoever sells the skin of his
udhiyah, there is no udhiyah for him (i.e., it is not counted as
udhiyah).” (Classed as hasan in Saheeh al-Jaami’, 6118). The butcher
should not be given anything of it by way of reward or payment, because
‘Ali (may Allaah be pleased with him) said: “The Messenger of Allaah
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) commanded me to take care of
the sacrifice and to give its meat, skin and raiment ( covering used for
protection ) in charity, and not to give anything of it to the butcher as
a compensation . He said, ‘We will give him something from what we
have.’” (Agreed upon). It was said that it is permissible to give the
butcher something as a gift, and that it is permissible to give some of
it to a kaafir if he is poor or a relative or a neighbour, or in order to
open his heart to Islam. (Fataawa al-Shaykh ‘Abd al-‘Azeez ibn Baaz).
Question: what should the Muslim avoid in the first ten days of
Dhu’l-Hijjah if he wants to offer a sacrifice?
The Sunnah indicates that the one who wants to offer a sacrifice must
refrain from taking anything from his hair, nails or skin from the first
day of Dhu’l-Hijjah until he offers his sacrifice, because the Prophet
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “When you see the new
moon of Dhu’l-Hijjah, if any one of you wants to offer a sacrifice, let
him not remove anything from his hair or nails until he has offered his
sacrifice.” According to another report: “Let him not touch any part of
his hair or nails.” (Reported by Muslim with four isnaads, 13/146). This
command implies obligation and the prohibition implies that it is
forbidden, according to the most correct opinion, because these are
absolutes with no exceptions. If a person deliberately takes something
(from his hair or nails), he must seek the forgiveness of Allaah, but he
does not have to pay any fidyah (penalty), and his udhiyah is still
valid. Whoever needs to remove some of his hair or nails because leaving
it will cause him harm, such as a torn nail or a wound in a site covered
by hair, should remove it, and there is no sin on him if he does so. This
is not more serious than the muhrim (person in ihraam for Hajj or ‘Umrah)
who is allowed to shave if not doing so will cause him harm. There is
nothing wrong with men and women washing their hair during the first ten
days of Dhu’l-Hijjah, because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah
be upon him) only forbade removing hair, and because the muhrim is
allowed to wash his head.
The wisdom behind the prohibition on removing hair and nails is because
the one who is going to offer a sacrifice is like the one who is in
ihraam for Hajj and ‘Umrah with regard to some rituals, which is the
offering of a sacrifice in order to draw closer to Allaah. Thus some of
the rulings of ihraam apply to the one who wants to offer a sacrifice, so
he should not touch his hair and nails until he has slaughtered his
sacrifice, in the hope that Allaah will release him from the fire of
Hell. And Allaah knows best.
If a person removes some of his hair and nails during the first ten days
of Dhu’l-Hijjah because he is not planning to offer a sacrifice, then he
decides to sacrifice, he should refrain from cutting his hair or nails
from the moment he takes the decision.
There are some women who delegate their brothers or sons to do the
sacrifice on their behalf so that they can cut their hair during the
first ten days of Dhu’l-Hijjah. This is not correct, because the ruling
applies to the one who is making the sacrifice, whether he or she
delegates someone else to do the actual slaughter or not. The prohibition
does not apply to the person appointed, it applies to the person who
wants to offer a sacrifice on behalf of himself, as is indicated by the
hadeeth. As for the person who is doing the sacrifice on behalf of
another, whether because of a will or because he has been delegated to do
so, the prohibition does not apply to him.
It is apparent that this prohibition applies to the one who is offering
the sacrifice, and does not extend to his wife or children, unless one of
them is offering a sacrifice on his or her own behalf. The Prophet (peace
and blessings of Allaah be upon him) used to sacrifice on behalf of the
family of Muhammad, and it was not reported that he forbade them to
remove anything of their hair or nails.
Whoever is planning to offer a sacrifice, then decides to go for Hajj,
should not remove anything of his hair or nails when he wants to enter
ihraam, because this is Sunnah only when there is a need for it. But if
he is doing Hajj “tamattu’” [where one performs ‘Umrah, then ends ihraam
and enters a new state of ihraam for Hajj], he should shorten his hair
when he finishes ‘Umrah because that is part of the ritual.
The things that are forbidden for the person who wants to offer a sacrifice are reported in the hadeeth quoted above. It is not forbidden for him to wear perfume or to have intercourse with his wife or to wear sewn garments and so on . And Allah knows best. (courtesy of islam-qa.com)
Udhiyah – What should be eaten and what should be given away?
Question :
What should we do with the udhiyah? Should we divide it into thirds or
quarters?.
Answer :
Praise be to Allaah.
It is prescribed for the person who offers the sacrifice to eat some of
the meat, to give some as gifts and to give some in charity, because
Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“Then eat thereof and feed therewith the poor having a hard time”
[al-Hajj 22:28]
“eat thereof, and feed the poor who does not ask (men), and the beggar
who asks (men). Thus have We made them subject to you that you may be
grateful”
[al-Hajj 22:36]
It was narrated from Salamah ibn al-Akwa’ (may Allaah be pleased with
him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said:
“Eat some, give some to others and store some.” Narrated by al-Bukhaari.
Giving some to others includes both giving gifts to the rich and giving
charity to the poor.
It was narrated from ‘Aa’ishah (may Allaah be pleased with her) that the
Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Eat some,
store some and give some in charity.” Narrated by Muslim.
The scholars (may Allaah have mercy on them) differed concerning the
amounts that should be eaten and given as gifts and in charity. The
matter is broad in scope but the best way is to eat one-third, give
one-third as gifts and give one-third in charity. What one is permitted
to eat may also be stored, even for a long time, so long as that will not
result in any harm being caused by eating it, except in times of famine,
when it is not permitted to store it for more than three days, because of
the hadeeth of Salamah ibn al-Akwa’ (may Allaah be pleased with him) who
said: The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)
said: “Whoever among you offers a sacrifice should not have anything of
it left in his house after three days.” The following year, they said, “O
Messenger of Allaah, should we do what we did last year?” He (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) said, “Eat some, give some to others and
store some, for last year the people were having a hard time and I wanted
you to help (the needy).” Agreed upon.
With regard to the permission to eat and give away the meat of the
udhiyah it makes no difference whether the sacrifice is voluntary or
obligatory, or whether it is offered on behalf of a living person or a
deceased one, or in fulfillment of a will, because the executor of the
will takes the place of the person who made it, and the person who made
the will would eat, give away and give in charity. And because this is
the custom among people, and that which is done customarily is like that
which is spoken.
In the case of one who has been delegated to offer the sacrifice, if the
person who appointed him has given him permission to eat of it and give
some as gifts and in charity, or if that is indicated by analogy or by
custom, then he may do that, otherwise he should give it to the person
who appointed him, who is then in charge of the distribution of the meat.
It is haraam to sell any part of the udhiyah, whether that is the meat or
any other part, including the skin. And the butcher should not be given
any part of it in return for his work or part of it, because that is like
selling.
But if a person gives the butcher some of it as a gift or as an act of
charity, then he may dispose of it however he wishes, by selling it or
otherwise, but he should not sell it to the one who gave it to him.
Sharing in a sacrifice
Is it permissible to share in a sacrifice, and how many Muslims can share
in a sacrifice?.
Answer:
Praise be to Allaah.
It is permissible to share in a sacrifice if it is a camel or a cow, but
it is not permissible to share in a sheep. It is permissible for seven
people to share one camel or cow.
It is narrated that the Sahaabah (may Allaah be pleased with them) shared
sacrifices: seven people would share a camel or a cow in Hajj and ‘Umrah.
Muslim (1318) narrated that Jaabir ibn ‘Abd-Allaah (may Allaah be pleased
with him) said: “On the day of al-Hudaybiyah we offered the sacrifice
with the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him),
a camel on behalf of seven and a cow on behalf of seven.
According to another report, it was narrated that Jaabir (may Allaah be
pleased with him) said: We performed Hajj with the Messenger of Allaah
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), and we sacrificed a camel on
behalf of seven and a cow on behalf of seven.
Abu Dawood (2808) narrated from Jaabir ibn ‘Abd-Allaah that the Prophet
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “A cow on behalf of
seven and a camel on behalf of seven.” Classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in
Saheeh Abi Dawood.
Al-Nawawi said in Sharh Muslim:
These ahaadeeth indicate that it is permissible to share in the
sacrifice, but they are unanimously agreed that it not permissible to
share in a sheep. These ahaadeeth indicate that a camel is sufficient on
behalf of seven people, and a cow is sufficient on behalf of seven
people, and each of them takes the place of seven sheep. So if a muhrim
is required to offer seven sacrifices –except in the case of the penalty
for hunting – and he slaughters a camel or a cow, that is equivalent to
them all. End quote.
The Standing Committee was asked about sharing in the sacrifice and they
replied:
A camel or a cow is sufficient on behalf of seven people, whether they
are all from one family or are from different families, and whether they
are related to one another or not, because the Prophet (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) gave permission to the Sahaabah to share
a camel or a cow, one animal for every seven people, and he did not say
anything more specific than that. End quote.
Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah, 11/401
Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him) said in Ahkaam
al-Udhiyah:
One sheep is sufficient for one person, and one-seventh of a camel or cow
is sufficient for what one sheep is sufficient for. End quote.
Slaughtering the sacrifice is better than giving its price in charity
Question :
If there are poor people in my country who need money, can I give them
the price of the sacrifice in charity, or should I offer the sacrifice?.
Answer :
Praise be to Allaah.
Shaykh Muhammad ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:
Slaughtering the sacrifice is better than giving its price in charity,
because that was what the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon
him) and the Muslims with him did. And because the sacrifice is one of
the ritual of Islam; if the people turn away from it and give charity
instead, that symbol will die out. If giving the price of the sacrifice
in charity was better than slaughtering the sacrifice, the Prophet (peace
and blessings of Allaah be upon him) would have explained that to his
ummah in word and deed, because he did not omit to explain anything that
was good for the ummah. Indeed, if giving charity was equal to offering
the sacrifice he would have explained that too, because it is easier than
going to the trouble of offering the sacrifice. The Prophet (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) never failed to point out the easier
option to his ummah when it was equal to the more difficult option. There
was a famine during the lifetime of the Prophet (peace and blessings of
Allaah be upon him) and he said, “Whoever among you offers a sacrifice
should not keep any of it in his house for more than three days.”
The following year, they said, “O Messenger of Allaah, should we do what
we did last year?” The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon
him) said: “Eat and feed the poor and store some, for last year the
people were having a hard time and I wanted you to help them.” Agreed
upon.
Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: Sacrifice when
prescribed is better than giving its price in charity. He said, Hence
even if you give many times more the value of the sacrifice for tamattu’
and qiraan, it will never take its place, and the same applies to
udhiyah.
Risaalat Ahkaam al-Udhiyah wa’l-Dhakaah
It is essential that the sacrificial animal be slaughtered by a Muslim
with the intention of offering a sacrifice (udhiyah)
Praise be to Allaah.
It is a necessary condition of the sacrifice that the animal be
slaughtered by a Muslim with the intention of offering a sacrifice
(udhiyah); it is not sufficient to slaughter it for the meat.
Al-Nawawi (may Allaah have mercy on him) said in al-Majmoo’ (8/380): The
intention is a condition of the sacrifice being valid.
There is nothing wrong with buying the animal in the manner described in
the question, so long as the worker slaughters it with the intention of
offering a sacrifice. That is if the worker is a Muslim; otherwise one of
you should slaughter it, then the worker can cut it up.
Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him) said in al-Sharh
al-Mumti’ (7/494):
It is not correct to delegate the slaughter of the udhiyah (sacrifice) to
a kitaabi (i.e., a Jew or a Christian), even though meat slaughtered by
the People of the Book is halaal. Because slaughtering the sacrifice is
an act of worship, it is not correct to delegate it to a kitaabi, as a
kitaabi cannot be involved in acts of worship that draw the Muslim closer
to Allaah, because he is a kaafir (disbeliever) whose worship is not
accepted. If his acts of worship are not valid when done on his own
behalf, they cannot be valid when done on behalf of another. But if a
kitaabi is delegated to slaughter regular meat for eating, there is
nothing wrong with that.
And Allaah knows best.
Speaking the intention out loud when slaughtering the sacrifice
Praise be to Allaah.
The seat of the intention is the heart, and whatever a person intends in
his heart is sufficient. He should not speak the intention out loud,
rather he should say Bismillaah and Allaahu akbar when slaughtering it,
because it was proven in al-Saheehayn that Anas (may Allaah be pleased
with him) said: “The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)
slaughtered two rams with his own hand, and he said Bismillaah and
Allaahu akbar.” Narrated by al-Bukhaari, 7/130, no. 5554; Muslim, 3/1556,
no. 1966; Ahmad, 3/115.
There is nothing wrong with you saying, “O Allaah, this is a sacrifice on
behalf of my father.” This does not mean that you are speaking the
intention out loud.
And Allaah is the Source of strength.
Standing Committee for Academic Research and Issuing Fatwas.
(www.islam-qa.com)
What should the one who wants to offer a sacrifice refrain from doing?
If the onset of Dhu’l-Hijjah has been proven and a person wants to offer
a sacrifice, it is haraam for him to remove anything from the hair on his
body or to cut his nails or any part of his skin. It is not forbidden for
him to wear new clothes or to put on henna or perfume, or to be intimate
with his wife or have intercourse with her.
This ruling applies only to the one who is going to offer the sacrifice,
and not to the rest of his family, and not to the one whom he appoints to
slaughter the sacrifice on his behalf. None of these things are forbidden
for his wife or children, or for his deputy.
No differentiation is made between men and women with regard to this
ruling. If a woman wants to offer a sacrifice on her own behalf, whether
she is married or not, then she should refrain from removing any hair
from her body or cutting her nails, because of the general meaning of the
texts which state that that is not allowed.
It was narrated from Umm Salamah (may Allaah be pleased with her) that
the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “When you
see the new moon of Dhu’l-Hijjah, and one of you wants to offer a
sacrifice, let him refrain from (removing anything) from his hair or
nails.” Narrated by Muslim, 1977. According to another version: “Let him
not remove anything of his hair or skin.”
None of these things are haraam for the one who does not intend to offer
a sacrifice because he is unable to. Whoever removes anything from his
hair or nails although he plans to offer a sacrifice does not have to
offer any fidyah (ransom), but he has to repent and seek forgiveness.
The best kinds of animals for udhiyah
Praise be to Allaah.
The best type of animals for udhiyah are: camels, then cows – if
sacrificed on behalf of one person; then sheep; then goats; then
one-seventh of a camel; then one-seventh of a cow. The best type of
animals are those which are fat and have more meat, and are physically
complete and good looking.
In Saheeh al-Bukhaari it is narrated from Anas ibn Maalik (may Allaah be
pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon
him) used to sacrifice two horned rams that were white speckled with
black.
It was narrated that Abu Sa’eed al-Khudri (may Allaah be pleased with
him) said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)
sacrificed a whole (i.e., not castrated), horned male sheep, with a black
face and black (circles) round the eyes, and black legs. This was
narrated by the four. Al-Tirmidhi said, it is hasan saheeh; it was also
classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh Abi Dawood, 2796.
It was narrated that Abu Raafi’ the freed slave of the Prophet (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: When the Prophet (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) offered a sacrifice, he would buy two
fat rams. According to one version, castrated rams. Narrated by Ahmad,
classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh Ibn Maajah, 3122.
Fat means an animal that has a lot of fat and meat. Castrated means one
that has had its testicles removed – this is usually better than an
uncastrated animal with regard to the taste of the meat, but the
uncastrated animal is more complete in a physical sense.
These are the best kinds of sacrifice with regard to type and
characteristics.
With regard to those that are makrooh, they are as follows:
1- Those who have had one half or more of their ears or horns cut off.
2- Those whose ears have been slit crosswise from the front.
3- Those whose ears have been slit crosswise from the back.
4- Those whose ears have been slit lengthwise.
5- Those whose ears have had a hole made in them.
6- Those whose ears have been cut until the ear channel is visible; or it
was said that the same [Arabic] word means those that are so emaciated
that there is no marrow in their bones.
7- Those whose horns have been removed entirely.
8- Those that are completely blind even though the eyes are still
present.
9- Those which do not follow the flock and join it unless they are herded
and driven to do so.
These are the animals that it is makrooh to sacrifice, as narrated in the
ahaadeeth which forbid sacrificing those that have these faults or enjoin
avoiding such animals. This is understood as meaning that it is makrooh,
when these reports are taken in conjunction with the hadeeth of al-Bara’
ibn ‘Aazib (may Allaah be pleased with him) who said: The Prophet (peace
and blessings of Allaah be upon him) was asked, “What should be avoided
in the sacrificial animals?” He gestured with his hand and said, “Four: a
lame animal which is obviously lame, a one-eyed animal whose defect is
obvious, a sick animal whose sickness is obvious, and an emaciated animal
that no one would choose.” Narrated by Maalik in al-Muwatta’.
Animals with similar faults are also added to this list, so it is makrooh
to sacrifice the following kinds of animals:
1- Camels, cattle and goats that have had half or more of their tails cut
off.
2- Those which have had less than half of their fat tails cut off. If
half or more has been cut off, then according to the majority of scholars
it is unsuitable for sacrifice. If it was born that way, however, there
is nothing wrong with it.
3- An animal whose penis has been cut off.
4- An animal that has lost some of its teeth, whether incisors or molars.
But if it was born like that it is not makrooh to sacrifice it.
5- An animal whose teats have been cut off. But if it was born like that
it is not makrooh to sacrifice it. If its milk has stopped flowing but
its teats are intact, there is nothing wrong with it.
If these five are added to the nine mentioned above, the number of
makrooh animals reaches fourteen.
Risaalat Ahkaam al-Audhiyah wa’l-Dhakaah by Shaykh Muhammad ibn
‘Uthyameen (may Allaah have mercy on him). (www.islam-qa.com)
The family of the one who is offering a sacrifice may cut their hair or
nails during the first ten days of Dhu’l-Hijjah
Ques
1 – This is the apparent meaning of the hadeeth, which indicates that the
prohibition applies only to the one who is going to offer the sacrifice.
Based on this, the prohibition applies only to the head of the household,
not to the members of his family, because the Prophet (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) connected the ruling to the one who is
going to offer the sacrifice, so what is understood is that this ruling
does not apply to those on whose behalf the sacrifice is offered.
2 – The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) used to offer
the sacrifice on behalf of his household and it is not narrated that he
said to them, “Do not remove anything from your hair or nails or skin.”
If that had been forbidden for them, the Prophet (peace and blessings of
Allaah be upon him) would have told them not to do it. This view is the
more correct opinion.
=====
slicing is tashreek because poeples at that tme use dto slice the meat
and dry it
Firstly. One sacrifice is sufficient on behalf of all the members of a
household, no matter how many of them there are..
Al-Tirmidhi (1505) narrated that ‘Ata’ ibn Yassaar said: I asked Abu
Ayyoob: How was the sacrifice done at the time of the Messenger of Allaah
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)? He said: A man would offer a
sheep on behalf of himself and the members of his family, and they would
eat some and feed others with some.†Classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in
Saheeh al-Tirmidhi.
As I said I am doing this email in brief so that the main points are know
for the New Muslims. The greater indepth knowledge material is on the
following link
https://muslimconverts.com/hajj/sacrifice_per_household.htm
2 Next is What is the time when the sacrifice should be slaughtered?.
The time for offering the sacrifice begins after the Eid prayer on Eid
al-Adha and ends when the sun sets on the thirteenth of Dhu’l-Hijjah
Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allaah have mercy on him) said in Zaad al-Ma’aad
(2/319):
‘Ali ibn Abi Taalib (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: “The days of
sacrifice are the Day of Sacrifice (yawm al-nahr) and the three days
after it.†This is the view of the imam of the people of Basra,
al-Hasan; the imam of the people of Makkah, ‘Ata’ ibn Abi Rabaah; the
imam of the people of Syria, al-Awzaa’i; and the imam of the fuqaha’
of hadeeth, al-Shaafa’i (may Allaah have mercy on him). It was also the
view favoured by Ibn al-Mundhir. The three days are specified because
they are the days of Mina, the days of stoning (the Jamaraat) and the day
of al-Tashreeq. It is forbidden to fast on these days. It was narrated
via two isnaads, one of which supports the other, that the Prophet (peace
and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “All of Mina is the place of
sacrifice, and all the days of al-tashreeq are days of sacrifice.†End
quote.
The hadeeth was classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in al-Silsilah
al-Saheehah, 2476
Also A person doesnt eat before going to Eid prayer which occurs on the
10th of dhul hijjah of the Islamic CalenderWhich this year will be Monday
*th of December 2008 . SO the person comes home form Eid prayer and eats.
Ahmad (22475) narrated that Buraydah (may Allaah be pleased with him)
said: The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)
did not go out on the day of (Eid) al-Fitr until he had eaten, and he did
not eat on the day of (Eid) al-Adha until he came back, then he would eat
from his sacrifice.
Al-Zayla’i narrated in Nasb al-Raayah (2/221) that Ibn al-Qattaan
classed it as saheeh.
That is the best thing to do.
3.How do you distribute the meat
Al-Bukhaari and Muslim reported that ‘Aa’ishah (may Allaah be pleased
with her) said: “Some poor families among the people of the desert came
to al-Madeenah on the occasion of ‘Eid al-Adhaa at the time of the
Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him). The
Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said,
‘Keep with you meat sufficient for three days, and whatever is left,
give in charity.’ After that, they said, ‘O Messenger of Allaah, the
people made water-skins with [the hides of] their sacrificial animals,
and they rendered the fat from them. The Messenger of Allaah (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) said, ‘What about it?’ They said,
‘You forbade us to eat the meat of our sacrificial animals after three
days.’ He said, ‘I forbade you to do that because of the people who
came, but now eat some and preserve some and give some in charity.’â€
(Reported by Muslim, 3643).
Ahmad said: “We go along with the hadeeth of ‘Abd-Allaah (ibn
‘Abbaas – may Allaah be pleased with them both): ‘He should eat one
third himself, feed one third to whomever he wants, and give one third in
charity.†(Reported by Abu Moosa al-Isfahaani in al-Wazaa’if; he said
it is a hasan hadeeth. This is also the opinion of Ibn Mas’ood and Ibn
‘Umar. No conflicting opinion is known among the Sahaabah. Al-Mughni,
8/632).
Some scholars also say that it is sunnah to eat this meat. So one should
at least eat soem of it and not just send money abroad and ask people to
buy a sheep and then sacrifice it and distribute it all to the poor
people.
Allah does not limit us from giveing charity. We can give charity at all
times.
Some people think that this meat is for the poor and give it as charity.
However this is not about charity but it is about sacrificing.
The prophet Ibraheem (peace be upon him) was ordered to Sacrifice his son
as a test of his obediance to Allah's commands. He prepared to carry out
this command and His son (Ismail peace be upon him) was also willing to
be sacrificed. So obediance to Allah's commands was by teh whole
houshold.
Allah says in the Quran in Surah As-Safaat
83. And, verily, among those who followed his [Nûh's (Noah)] way
(Islâmic Monotheism) was Ibrâhim (Abraham).
84. When he came to his Lord with a pure heart [attached to Allâh Alone
and none else, worshipping none but Allâh Alone true Islâmic
Monotheism, pure from the filth of polytheism].
85. When he said to his father and to his people: "What is it that which
you worship?
86. "Is it a falsehood âliha (gods) other than Allâh that you seek?
87. "Then what do you think about the Lord of the 'Alamîn (mankind,
jinns, and all that exists)?"
88. Then he cast a glance at the stars (to deceive them),
89. And he said: "Verily, I am sick (with plague. He did this trick to
remain in their temple of idols to destroy them and not to accompany them
to the pagan's feast)."
90. So they turned away from him, and departed (for fear of the disease).
91. Then he turned to their âliha (gods) and said: "Will you not eat (of
the offering before you)?
92. "What is the matter with you that you speak not?"
93. Then he turned upon them, striking (them) with (his) right hand.
94. Then they (the worshippers of idols) came, towards him, hastening.
95. He said: "Worship you that which you (yourselves) carve?
96. "While Allâh has created you and what you make!"
97. They said: "Build for him a building (it is said that the building
was like a furnace) and throw him into the blazing fire!"
98. So they plotted a plot against him, but We made them the lowest.
99. And he said (after his rescue from the fire): "Verily, I am going to
my Lord. He will guide me!"
100. "My Lord! Grant me (offspring) from the righteous."
101. So We gave him the glad tidings of a forbearing boy.
102. And, when he (his son) was old enough to walk with him, he said: "O
my son! I have seen in a dream that I am slaughtering you (offer you in
sacrifice to Allâh), so look what you think!" He said: "O my father! Do
that which you are commanded, Inshâ' Allâh (if Allâh will), you shall
find me of As-Sâbirin (the patient ones, etc.)."
103. Then, when they had both submitted themselves (to the Will of
Allâh), and he had laid him prostrate on his forehead (or on the side of
his forehead for slaughtering);
104. And We called out to him: "O Abraham!
105. You have fulfilled the dream (vision)!" Verily! Thus do We reward
the Muhsinûn (good-doers - see V.2:112).
106. Verily, that indeed was a manifest trial
107. And We ransomed him with a great sacrifice (i.e. ßÈÔ - a ram);
108. And We left for him (a goodly remembrance) among generations (to
come) in later times.
109. Salâmun (peace) be upon Ibrâhim (Abraham)!"
110. Thus indeed do We reward the Muhsinûn (good-doers - see V.2:112).
111. Verily, he was one of Our believing slaves.
(quran 37:83-111)
Thus through this udhiyah we learn that Islam is about submitting to
Allahs commands and sacrifice.
One scholar refering to this Udhiyah and these verses said If Allah asks
for your life you give your life and if he asks for a lamb you give a
lamb.
Allah says
Say (O Muhammad ): "Verily, my Salât (prayer), my sacrifice, my living,
and my dying are for Allâh, the Lord of the 'Alamîn (mankind, jinns and
all that exists).(quran 6:162)
Thus in Islam mankind sacrifices for Allah the most precious thing to him
when ever Allah asks him to do so.
The christians strangely believe that it is God who sacrices his son for
Humans. yet in their bible they still have the story about Ibreheem
sacrifising his son Ismaeel. Another contradition. Who sacrifies for
whom? Seems the bible writers forgot to take that story out when they
were adding and deleting what they didnt like from the bible and what
they wanted in the bible.
How can anyone with soem sense make the All mighty lower than humans. It
is humans who need to please Allah and sacrifice for Allah and in return
Allah gives us Jannah InshaAllah and removes our sins. Christians should
think what can we give God. When everything belongs to God. Isnt it we
who sin and need sins to be forgiven by God