Witr prayer is a voluntary night prayer in Islam, performed after the Isha prayer. It can be performed straight after Isha prayer or anytime before dawn

Scholars have differed as you whether it was obligatory to prayer the witr prayer. Some of Hanafis even thought it was obligatory. Imam Ahmad said ” Whoever neglects Witr is a bad man whose testimony should not be accepted. This indicates that Witr prayer is something that is confirmed.” Thus showing its great importance.

However the correct view is that it is one of the Sunnah Muakkadah (confirmed Sunnah) that Muslims should try to observe regularly and not neglect it. However, not performing witr does not mean your Fard prayers are not valid

Timing of the Witr prayer

The timing of the Witr prayer starts after a person prays the Isha prayer until dawn even if he has joined Isha with Maghrib at the time of Maghrib.

Evidence for this is that the  Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Allah has prescribed for you a prayer (by which He may increase your reward), which is Witr; Allah has enjoined it for you during the time between ‘Isha’ prayer until dawn begins.” Narrated by al-Tirmidhi, 425; classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh al-Tirmidhi. 

It is better to pray the witr prayer in the final third of the of the night because prayer.

By final third I mean that you calculate total time between Isha and Fajr and divide by 3 and the final third would be the final third of the night.

However, if a person fears that he will not get up at the last third of the night then he or she can pray it straight in the beginning third so that he or she does not miss the prayer.

Evidence  for this is that Jaabir said (may Allah be pleased with him)  said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever fears that he will not get up at the end of the night, let him pray Witr at the beginning of the night, but whoever thinks that he will be able to get up at the end of the night, let him pray Witr at the end of the night, for prayer at the end of the night is witnessed (by the angels) and that is better.” Narrated by Muslim, 755.

If you wish you can also pray Tahajjud and then pray witr. 

How to prayer Witr

One should make the night prayers an odd number and thus the Witr prayer is an odd number of rakahs.

There are several ways of performing the witr prayer. A person could pray 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, rakkahs.

The most common number of  rakkahs that are prayed by most Muslims is 3 rakkahs. If you are praying the witr prayer and dawn is approaching then you should pray 1 rakkah so that you can perform witr before the start of dawn.

How to perform 3 Rakah Witr

I will describe how to pray a 3 rakah witr prayer since that is the most popular..

There are two ways a person can perform a 3 rakkah witr prayer.

First method.

Perform 3 rakahs like the Maghrib prayer with two differences. First difference is that in the secound Rakah of maghrib after the secound sajood prostration) a person normally sits down to recite the Tashahud. In the witr you do not do that. So you get up and perform the  Third Rakkah.  Secound difference is that in the third rakah of the witr prayer you should recite the  Dua of Qanoot either just before raku or after raku.

Secound method

Perform 2 rakahs  like a normal 2 rakah prayer. Then pray one rakah with the addition of qanoot after or before Raku.

Some scholars say the secound method is best.

Witr prayer Dua

In the witr prayer the Dua of Qanoot is recited in the final rakah of the Witr prayer. This should be recited either just before going to Raku (i.e bowing position) or just after straightening up after the Raku (ie. just before going down to Sajda,). Some scholars say that reciting qanoot after raku (bowing) is better.

Raise both hands chest height  and recite  dua of qunoot. 

The dua of qunoot was narrated by Abu Dawood (1425), al-Tirmidhi (464), and al-Nasaa’i (1746) from al-Hasan ibn ‘Ali (may Allaah be pleased with him) who said: The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) taught me some words to say in qunoot al-witr: 

“Allaahumma ihdini feeman hadayta wa ‘aafini feeman ‘aafayta wa tawallani feeman tawallayta wa baarik li feema a’tayta, wa qini sharra ma qadayta , fa innaka taqdi wa la yuqda ‘alayk, wa innahu laa yadhillu man waalayta wa laa ya’izzu man ‘aadayta, tabaarakta Rabbana wa ta’aalayta la manja minka illa ilayk

(O Allah, guide me among those whom You have guided, pardon me among those whom You have pardoned, turn to me in friendship among those on whom You have turned in friendship, and bless me in what You have bestowed, and save me from the evil of what You have decreed. For verily You decree and none can influence You; and he is not humiliated whom You have befriended, nor is he honoured who is Your enemy. Blessed are You, O Lord, and Exalted. There is no place of safety from You except with You).” 

The last phrase – Laa manja minka illa ilayka (There is no place of safety from You except with You) – was narrated by Ibn Mandah in al-Tawheed and classed as hasan by al-Albaani.

Can you Prayer Witr Twice?

Shaykh Ibn Baaz was asked:

If I pray Witr at the beginning of the night then I get up at the end of the night, how should I pray?

He replied:

If you pray Witr at the beginning of the night then Allaah enables you to pray qiyaam at the end of the night, then pray whatever Allaah enables you to pray two by two, without Witr, because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said, “There cannot be two Witrs in one night.”

And it was narrated from ‘Aa’ishah (may Allaah be pleased with her) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) used to pray two rak’ahs after Witr sitting down. Fataawa Islamiyyah, 1/339

Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Make the last of your prayer at night Witr.” Narrated by al-Bukhaari, 998; Muslim, 751

Saheeh Muslim (738) from ‘Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to pray two rakahs after Witr whilst sitting down.

Al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

The correct view is that he (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) performed these two rakahs after Witr sitting down, to demonstrate that it is permissible to pray after Witr, and to demonstrate that it is permissible to offer naafil prayers sitting down. He did not do that all the time, rather he did it once or twice or a few times.

Hadiths Related to Witr prayer:

Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Witr is one rakah at the end of the night.” Narrated by Muslim, 752.

And Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “The night prayers are two (rakahs) by two, but if one of you fears that dawn is about to break, let him pray one rakah to make what he has prayed odd-numbered.” Narrated by al-Bukhaari, 911; Muslim, 749. If a person limits himself to praying one rakah, then he has performed the Sunnah.  

Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her)  said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) used not to say the tasleem in the (first) two rakahs of Witr. According to another version: “He used to pray Witr with three rakahs and he did not sit except in the last of them.” (Narrated by al-Nasaa’i, 3/234; al-Bayhaqi, 3/31. al-Nawawi said in al-Majmoo’ (4/7): it was narrated by al-Nasaa’i with a hasan isnaad, and by al-Bayhaqi with a saheeh isnaad. )

Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), that he used to separate the two rak’ahs from the single rakah with a tasleem, and he said that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to do that. Narrated by Ibn Hibbaan (2435); Ibn Hajar said in al-Fath (2/482): its isnaad is qawiy (strong). 

Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to pray thirteen rakahs at night, praying five rakahs of Witr, in which he would not sit except in the last rakah. Narrated by Muslim, 737. 

Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to pray Witr with five or seven (rakahs) and he did not separate between them with any salaam or words. Narrated by Ahmad, 6/290; al-Nasaa’i, 1714. al-Nawawi said: Its isnaad is jayyid. Al-Fath al-Rabbaani, 2/297. and it was classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh al-Nasaa’i. 

Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to pray nine rakahs in which he did not sit except in the eighth, when he would remember Allah, praise Him and call upon Him, then he would get up and not say the tasleem, and he would stand up and pray the ninth (rakah), then he would sit and remember Allah and praise Him and call upon Him, then he would say a tasleem that we could hear. (Sahih Muslim)


Al-Nasaa’i (1729) narrated that Ubayy ibn Ka’b said: The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to recite in Witr Sabbih isma rabbika al-‘a’la (“Glorify the name of your Lord, the Most High” – Soorat al-A’la 87), Qul yaa ayyuha’l-kaafiroon (“Say: O disbeliever…” – Soorat al-Kaafiroon 109) and Qul Huwa Allaahu ahad (“Say: He is Allaah, the One” – Soorat al-Ikhlaas 112). Classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh al-Nasaa’i. 

All these ways of offering Witr prayer have been mentioned in the Sunnah, but the best way is not to stick to one particular way; rather one should do it one way one time and another way another time, so that one will have done all the Sunnahs. 


With regard to Qunoot: there are two extreme views and one middle view. Some say that qunoot should only be recited before bowing and some say that it should only be recited after bowing. The fuqaha’ among the scholars of hadeeth, such as Ahmad and others, say that both are allowed, because both are mentioned in the saheeh Sunnah, but they preferred reciting qunoot after bowing because this is mentioned more often. 

Raising the hands is mentioned in a saheeh report from ‘Umar (may Allaah be pleased with him), as was narrated by al-Bayhaqi in a report which he classed as saheeh (2/210). 

The worshipper should raise his hands to chest height and no more, because this dua is not a dua of supplication in which a person needs to raise his hands high. Rather it is a dua of hope in which a person holds out his palms towards heaven… The apparent meaning of the scholar’s words is that the worshipper should hold his hands close together like a beggar who asks someone else to give him something. 

It is better not to recite qunoot in witr all the time, rather it should be done sometimes, because there is no evidence that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did it all the time.

 
It is mustahabb to say after the tasleem: Subhaan al-Malik al-Quddoos three times, elongating the vowels the third time, as narrated by al-Nasaa’i (1699) and classed as hasan by al-Albaani in Saheeh Sunan al-Nasaa’i. 

Al-Daaraqutni added the word: Rabb al-Malaa’ikah wa’l-Rooh (Lord of the angels and the Spirit), with a saheeh isnaad. See Zaad al-Ma’aad by Ibn al-Qayyim, 1/337.

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